Green Hydrogen Generation Applied in Field Mobile Robots

Abstract

This article explores the application of green hydrogen technology in field mobile robots for remote and off-grid operational scenarios. Traditional battery systems present limitations in endurance and downtime, prompting the integration of renewable-energy-powered hydrogen production systems as an efficient alternative. The proposed design utilizes solar energy to generate green hydrogen on-site using a PEM electrolyser, storing it safely in metal hydride canisters for future use. Hydrogen fuel cells are utilized to power mobile robots, significantly extending operational duration and minimizing downtime. The system's architecture of a robot charging station encompasses a solar panel array, MPPT controller, buffer battery, inverter, electrolyser, and metal hydride storage, creating a self-sufficient, renewable, and emission-free infrastructure.

Practical service robot implementations demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of this technology, notably in applications such as agricultural patrol and logistics transportation. While green hydrogen offers distinct advantages, such as fast refuelling, eco-friendly fuel generation, off-grid independence, and scalability, several challenges remain. Issues include lower overall energy efficiency compared to battery systems, complex system integration and management, safety considerations, and higher initial costs. Addressing these barriers through technological advancements and strategic design improvements is crucial for broader adoption.