Igome Graphs Suggest the Changes in the IgM and IgG Repertoires in Antiphospholipid Syndrome Are in Part Idiotypically Defined

Authors

  • Shina Pashova-Dimova Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
  • Peter Petrov Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
  • Anastas Pashov Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7546/CRABS.2024.11.05

Keywords:

antiphospholipid syndrome, antibody repertoires, IgM, idiotypy

Abstract

Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is characterized by the persistence of high-affinity antiphospholipid antibodies, manifesting clinically as pregnancy complications, thrombosis, or neurological symptoms. This study explores the changes in the IgM and IgG antibody repertoires in APS patients using igome graphs, which represent antibody repertoires through peptide libraries selected from phage display on the complete immunoglobulin fraction of the serum. Serum samples from healthy women and APS patients were processed to isolate IgM and IgG fractions, which were then used for phage selection and next-generation sequencing. Peptide sequences were analyzed using graph representation, clustering, and spectral embedding to identify significant differences between the repertoires. The study revealed that while IgM repertoires in APS patients exhibit a loss of public reactivities, the IgG repertoires do not follow this trend. Three orthogonal sequence motifs were identified in the IgM and IgG repertoires, suggesting potential idiotypic interactions. These findings highlight the intricate mechanisms of antibody selection and cross-reactivity in APS, offering insights into potential therapeutic approaches. The study underscores the importance of system-level analysis in understanding immune mechanisms and suggests that idiotypic interactions, though complex, could play a crucial role in APS pathogenesis.

Author Biographies

Shina Pashova-Dimova, Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Mailing Address:
Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction,
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
73 Tsarigradsko Shosse Blvd,
1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

E-mail: spashova@ibir.bas.bg

Peter Petrov , Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Mailing Address:
Institute of Mathematics and Informatics,
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
Akad. Georgi Bonchev St, Bl. 8,
1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

E-mail: ppetrov@math.bas.bg

Anastas Pashov, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Mailing Address:
Department of Immunology,
Institute of Microbiology,
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
Akad. Georgi Bonchev St, Bl. 26,
1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

E-mail: a_pashov@microbio.bas.bg

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Published

30-11-2024

How to Cite

[1]
S. Pashova-Dimova, P. Petrov, and A. Pashov, “Igome Graphs Suggest the Changes in the IgM and IgG Repertoires in Antiphospholipid Syndrome Are in Part Idiotypically Defined”, C. R. Acad. Bulg. Sci., vol. 77, no. 11, pp. 1622–1628, Nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Biology